When sampling data, how does the sample rate relate to Fmax?

The correct understanding regarding the relationship between the sample rate and Fmax relies on the Nyquist theorem, which states that in order to accurately reconstruct a signal from its samples, the sampling frequency must be at least twice the maximum frequency present in the signal. However, to account for practical applications, especially when considering factors like aliasing and the need for a buffer, it is common to sample at a rate that is 2.56 times the maximum frequency to ensure a reliable representation of the signal.

Thus, the sample rate being 2.56 times Fmax allows for a more accurate analysis of the frequency components within the data captured. This higher sample rate helps capture transient events and prevents potential undersampling, resulting in a more precise and effective vibration analysis.